In Years 5 and 6, pupils develop a sophisticated understanding of the world's physical and human geography. Through enquiry-based learning, children investigate global issues, diverse environments and the interconnectedness of people and places. Pupils use a range of geographical tools, including maps, digital technologies and fieldwork techniques, to collect, analyse and interpret data. They are encouraged to think critically about environmental challenges and sustainability, make comparisons between regions, and communicate their findings using accurate geographical vocabulary. This prepares pupils to become informed, responsible global citizens with a deeper appreciation of the world around them.